Obstetrics Congenital toxoplasmosis 14 Sep 201830 Nov 2020 The vertical transmission rate ranges from 15% in the first trimester to 60% in the third trimester of pregnancy. Most infected fetuses and newborns are asymptomatic. Those that have symptoms usually…
Obstetrics Fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in maternal diabetes mellitus 7 Sep 201830 Nov 2020 The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy is multifactorial and is not fully understood (Stuart et al, 2010). It is observed in infants of diabetic mothers whether or not there is reasonable metabolic control…
Gynecology… How to optimize your ultrasound image 24 Aug 201830 Nov 2020 First, choose the right ultrasound probe. Remember: higher frequency means higher quality on the cost of lower penetration.Then select the right preset. Most machines are equipped with a couple of…
Obstetrics How to measure the abdominal circumference 17 Aug 201830 Nov 2020 Campbell and Wilkin first described the acquisition of a section orthogonal to the long axis of the fetal body and across the upper abdomen; this was recognized by the typical appearance…
Obstetrics How to: the four chamber view 27 Jul 201830 Nov 2020 1. Abdominal and thoracic situs The fetal echocardiography should commence with the identification of the abdominal situs and the fetal position. Normal visceral situs or situs solitus is defined by…
Obstetrics Hourglass membranes (prolapsed membranes) 6 Jul 201830 Nov 2020 Women with prolapsed membranes are at a greatly increased risk of preterm delivery. A study by Robertson et al demonstrated that diagnosing prolapsed membranes between 22-28 weeks gestation could mean…
Gynaecologia 